En México se quita la vida a 1500 millones de pollos al año. 45 pollos cada segundo. Muchas de estas matanzas ocurren en los mercados a ojos del público.
Los pollos son tratados como máquinas de producción donde la rentabilidad marca el ritmo. Su alimentación, el refuerzo vitamínico, los antibióticos, las hormonas, las jaulas donde viven hacinadas o la luz controlada están pensadas con un sólo propósito: maximizar los beneficios de la industria ganadera, nunca favorecer los intereses de los animales.
Las gallinas y pollos son seres sensibles y sociables que en libertad establecen jerarquías donde cada individuo ocupa su lugar. Nunca se les permite el contacto con su familia, ni construir sus propios nidos, darse baños de tierra o respirar aire fresco. Su paso por la granja es una terrible experiencia que sólo ve el fin el día que son llevadas al matadero.
La duración de la vida de los 1500 millones de pollos que son llevados al matadero cada año en México viene marcada por la rentabilidad no superando los 45 días de edad frente a los 10 años que alcanzarían de forma natural.
La gran mayoría son criados en granjas intensivas y su corta vida la pasarán en galpones industriales que pueden llegan a albergar hasta 40.000 pollos. Acostumbrados evolutivamente a convivir en grupos de 100 individuos estas condiciones de masificación y de hacinamiento frustran cualquier tipo de relación social entre ellos.
Son lugares que pueden llegar a temperaturas extremas en verano y si el sistema de ventilación no funciona correctamente —como sucede en muchas ocasiones— o sencillamente las granjas no están preparadas para estas subidas de temperatura mueren en masa.
Manipulados genéticamente e inflados a hormonas para conseguir su peso máximo en el menor tiempo posible los pollos sufren de los huesos y muchos de ellos apenas pueden mantenerse en pie. En algunos casos esto puede impedirles el acceso a la comida y en consecuencia mueren.
Las heces no se recogen hasta que los pollos son enviados al matadero y se mantienen esparcidas por toda la superficie de la granja emanando amoníaco de forma permanente, un agente químico que les ocasiona enfermedades respiratorias crónicas, bronquitis, dermatitis y ceguera.
“Casi me caigo al suelo por el fuerte olor a heces y amoníaco. Me ardieron los ojos y los pulmones, no podía ver ni respirar … Habría como 30.000 pollos sentados en el suelo frente a mi en silencio. No se movían, no cacareaban. Como si fueran estatuas de pollos, viviendo en casi completa oscuridad, y cada minuto de su seis semanas de vida sería de ese modo.” Michael Specter, escritor de The New Yorker.
Ésta y no otra es la vida de los pollos.
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