Découvrez une histoire totalement occultée de la révolution industrielle avec François Jarrige, historien à l’université de Bourgogne et auteur de “La Ronde des Bêtes”. Cette interview révèle comment des millions d’animaux ont été le véritable moteur de l’industrialisation, bien plus que les machines à vapeur qu’on associe habituellement à cette époque.
François Jarrige démonte nos idées reçues avec un fait saisissant : en 1842, les mines françaises comptaient plus de machines d’extraction actionnées par des chevaux (450) que de machines à vapeur (427). Cette réalité surprenante illustre parfaitement la thèse centrale de son livre : les animaux n’ont pas disparu avec l’arrivée des machines, ils ont au contraire proliféré et se sont diversifiés dans leurs usages industriels.
L’historien nous emmène à travers les siècles pour explorer les “manèges à sang” – ces dispositifs où animaux tournaient en rond pour actionner moulins, pompes et machines diverses. Du textile aux mines, de l’industrie chimique aux ateliers monétaires, François Jarrige révèle comment la force animale était omniprésente dans tous les secteurs d’activité. Il décrit l’évolution technique de ces équipements, loin d’être archaïques, qui ont bénéficié de toutes les avancées de la mécanique moderne.
L’interview aborde également la dimension sociale fascinante de cette histoire : comment les socialistes du 19e siècle parlaient de “prolétariat animal”, établissant des parallèles troublants entre l’exploitation des ouvriers et celle des animaux. François Jarrige montre que ces deux formes d’exploitation étaient intimement liées et que les conditions de travail des animaux étaient parfois meilleures que celles des humains.
Particulièrement saisissant, le passage sur la naissance de la zootechnie moderne révèle comment la science s’est mise au service de l’optimisation du “moteur animal”, transformant progressivement les animaux en machines biologiques spécialisées.
L’historien établit enfin un lien troublant avec notre époque : si les animaux ont disparu de nos espaces de travail visibles, ils n’ont jamais été aussi nombreux et exploités qu’aujourd’hui dans l’élevage industriel. Cette “invisibilisation” de l’exploitation animale est au cœur des contradictions de notre modernité.
Cette interview passionnante nous invite à repenser entièrement notre compréhension de l’histoire industrielle et pose des questions fondamentales sur nos rapports actuels aux animaux. Un éclairage historique indispensable pour comprendre les enjeux contemporains de la condition animale.
Ressources:
“La Ronde des Bêtes – Le moteur animal et la fabrique de la modernité” (Éditions de la Découverte, 2023) : www.editionsladecouverte.fr/la_ronde_des_betes-9782348076718
Archives INA sur les derniers chevaux de mine (1955)
Cookie | Durata | Descrizione |
---|---|---|
_cfuvid | session | Calendly sets this cookie to track users across sessions to optimize user experience by maintaining session consistency and providing personalized services |
_GRECAPTCHA | 5 months 27 days | Google Recaptcha service sets this cookie to identify bots to protect the website against malicious spam attacks. |
cookielawinfo-checkbox-advertisement | 1 year | The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Advertisement". |
cookielawinfo-checkbox-analytics | 1 year | This cookies is set by GDPR Cookie Consent WordPress Plugin. The cookie is used to remember the user consent for the cookies under the category "Analytics". |
cookielawinfo-checkbox-necessary | 1 year | This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". |
cookielawinfo-checkbox-others | 1 year | This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Others". |
cookielawinfo-checkbox-performance | 1 year | This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Performance". |
CookieLawInfoConsent | 1 year | Records the default button state of the corresponding category & the status of CCPA. It works only in coordination with the primary cookie. |
enforce_policy | 1 year | PayPal sets this cookie for secure transactions. |
rc::a | never | This cookie is set by the Google recaptcha service to identify bots to protect the website against malicious spam attacks. |
rc::c | session | This cookie is set by the Google recaptcha service to identify bots to protect the website against malicious spam attacks. |
ts | 1 year 1 month 4 days | PayPal sets this cookie to enable secure transactions through PayPal. |
ts_c | 1 year 1 month 4 days | PayPal sets this cookie to make safe payments through PayPal. |
Cookie | Durata | Descrizione |
---|---|---|
__cf_bm | 30 minutes | Cloudflare set the cookie to support Cloudflare Bot Management. |
aka_debug | session | Vimeo sets this cookie which is essential for the website to play video functionality. |
lang | This cookie is used to store the language preferences of a user to serve up content in that stored language the next time user visit the website. | |
player | 1 year | This cookie is used by Vimeo. This cookie is used to save the user's preferences when playing embedded videos from Vimeo. |
sp_landing | 1 day | The sp_landing is set by Spotify to implement audio content from Spotify on the website and also registers information on user interaction related to the audio content. |
sp_t | 1 year | The sp_t cookie is set by Spotify to implement audio content from Spotify on the website and also registers information on user interaction related to the audio content. |
tsrce | 3 days | PayPal sets this cookie to enable the PayPal payment service on the website. |
x-pp-s | session | PayPal sets this cookie to process payments on the site. |
ytidb::LAST_RESULT_ENTRY_KEY | never | The cookie ytidb::LAST_RESULT_ENTRY_KEY is used by YouTube to store the last search result entry that was clicked by the user. This information is used to improve the user experience by providing more relevant search results in the future. |
Cookie | Durata | Descrizione |
---|---|---|
l7_az | 30 minutes | This cookie is necessary for the PayPal login function on the website. |
Cookie | Durata | Descrizione |
---|---|---|
_ga | 2 years | This cookie is installed by Google Analytics. The cookie is used to calculate visitor, session, campaign data and keep track of site usage for the site's analytics report. The cookies store information anonymously and assign a randomly generated number to identify unique visitors. |
_ga_* | 1 year 1 month 4 days | Google Analytics sets this cookie to store and count page views. |
_gat_gtag_UA_5233154_5 | 1 minute | This cookie is set by Google and is used to distinguish users. |
_gid | 1 day | This cookie is installed by Google Analytics. The cookie is used to store information of how visitors use a website and helps in creating an analytics report of how the website is doing. The data collected including the number visitors, the source where they have come from, and the pages visted in an anonymous form. |
CONSENT | 16 years 5 months 2 days 6 hours | These cookies are set via embedded youtube-videos. They register anonymous statistical data on for example how many times the video is displayed and what settings are used for playback.No sensitive data is collected unless you log in to your google account, in that case your choices are linked with your account, for example if you click “like” on a video. |
sid | session | The sid cookie contains digitally signed and encrypted records of a user’s Google account ID and most recent sign-in time. |
vuid | 2 years | This domain of this cookie is owned by Vimeo. This cookie is used by vimeo to collect tracking information. It sets a unique ID to embed videos to the website. |
Cookie | Durata | Descrizione |
---|---|---|
cid_* | never | Crimtan sets this cookie as remarketing cookie that is used to send relevant ads to users on subsequent sites. |
fr | 3 months | The cookie is set by Facebook to show relevant advertisments to the users and measure and improve the advertisements. The cookie also tracks the behavior of the user across the web on sites that have Facebook pixel or Facebook social plugin. |
IDE | 1 year 24 days | Used by Google DoubleClick and stores information about how the user uses the website and any other advertisement before visiting the website. This is used to present users with ads that are relevant to them according to the user profile. |
NID | 6 months | This cookie is used to a profile based on user's interest and display personalized ads to the users. |
test_cookie | 15 minutes | This cookie is set by doubleclick.net. The purpose of the cookie is to determine if the user's browser supports cookies. |
VISITOR_INFO1_LIVE | 5 months 27 days | This cookie is set by Youtube. Used to track the information of the embedded YouTube videos on a website. |
VISITOR_PRIVACY_METADATA | 6 months | YouTube sets this cookie to store the user's cookie consent state for the current domain. |
YSC | session | This cookies is set by Youtube and is used to track the views of embedded videos. |
yt-remote-connected-devices | never | YouTube sets this cookie to store the video preferences of the user using embedded YouTube video. |
yt-remote-device-id | never | YouTube sets this cookie to store the video preferences of the user using embedded YouTube video. |
yt.innertube::nextId | never | These cookies are set via embedded youtube-videos. |
yt.innertube::requests | never | These cookies are set via embedded youtube-videos. |
Cookie | Durata | Descrizione |
---|---|---|
__jid | 30 minutes | No description available. |
__Secure-BUCKET | 6 months | Description is currently not available. |
cf_clearance | 1 year | Description is currently not available. |
cookielawinfo-checkbox-functional | 1 year | The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". |
disqus_unique | 1 year | No description available. |
loglevel | never | No description available. |
m | 1 year 1 month 4 days | No description available. |
sct | session | No description available. |
wp-disclamer-popup | 3 months | No description |
🇬🇧 In relation to the topic treated by the site, some content present may contain strong images or cruent scenes that could disturb the viewer’s sensitivity. For more information read the complete disclaimer.